“Representative” means that the data “accurately reflects the characteristics, distributions, and patterns of the entire population from which it is drawn.”

The opposite of “representative data” is “biased data” or “non-representative data.” This type of data does not accurately reflect the characteristics, distributions, and patterns of the entire population from which it is drawn, leading to skewed or invalid conclusions.

Robust means that the data “remains reliable, accurate, and valid under a wide range of conditions and assumptions. It is characterized by its ability to withstand and provide consistent results despite potential variations, errors, or uncertainties in the data collection process.”

The opposite of “robust data” is “fragile data” or “non-robust data.” This type of data is susceptible to inaccuracies, inconsistencies, and biases, making it unreliable and potentially misleading for analysis and decision-making.

A Systematic Risk Profile is a combination of risk factors found at the asset level that define the exposure (beta) to common sources of risk (and therefore of market price level) of investments in infrastructure or private equity, such as size, leverage or profits.

When building comparables, taking the Systematic (factor) Risk Profile of the asset into account ensures a genuinely comparable metric, which is never available by looking at raw data since recent transactions or public comps almost never represent the same risk exposures as the asset or portfolio of interest.

A TICCS/PECCS Profile is simply a combination of TICCS or PECCS pillars corresponding to given asset, portfolio or strategy. For example, Contracted Project Financed Roads correspond to a TICCS Profile (BR01-CS01-IC6050). Building a TICCS or PECCS Profile is a first step towards using infraMetrics or privateMetrics in a customized manner. The notion of TICCS or PECCS profile is used repeatedly in our documentation and use cases.

Using TICCS or PECCS is a first recognition of the systematic nature of markets: asset that are more alike (within segments) share a common price driver and vice versa i.e., TICCS or PECCS discriminate between different market price levels.